morphology of salmonella slideshare

Salmonella Infection. Different bacteria produce varying spectra of enzymes. By DNA sequence analysis, six subgroups of "Salmonella enterica" are recognized. What is the pathophysiology of Salmonella typhi (S typhi ... Providencia stuartii: Gram negative bacterium that is commonly found in soil, water, and sewage. Morphology of acute inflammation Depending . Salmonella typhi is shed (discarded from the body) in feces (stool). Providencia species - GlobalRPH Such organisms are called extremophiles. They are also very versatile organisms, surviving in extremely inhospitable conditions. Neisseria meningiditis: Good-luxuriant: Grey and unpigmented colonies that appear round, smooth, moist, glistening, and convex, with a clearly defined edge. Salmonella • A Very complex group • Contains more > 2,000 spp • Typed on the basis of Serotyping, and species typing • Divided into two groups 1 Enteric fever group 2 . I use your Anti- Salmonella I (A-E+Vi) serum. For instance, at least 100000 Salmonella typhi cells are required to cause typhoid. Salmonella was named after Daniel Elmer Salmon (1850-1914), an American veterinary surgeon. Size - The size of Salmonella typhi is about 1-3 µm × 0.5-0.6 µm (micrometer).. TB bacteria or Mycobacterium tuberculosis multiply once it gets into the lungs. Note: Salmonella enterica includes a number of 'serovars', i.e., serologically distinct groups. Salmonella is a gram-negative microorganism, widely dispersed in nature and often found in the intestinal tract of animals and humans. Weakness or fatigue. All validly published names, even if they are not cited in the above list can still be used . Salmonella includes a group of gram-negative bacillus bacteria that causes food poisoning and the consequent infection of the intestinal tract. Incubation . The structure of bacteria is known for its simple body design. The most common Differential media contain compounds that allow . 3. humans, infection with Salmonella broadly results in two outcomes— either self‐limiting gastroenteritis or invasive systemic typhoid fever. The organisms that are capable of causing disease are called pathogenic organisms. In the acute stage, there is infiltration by polymorphs with vasodilatation while long-standing ulcers develop infiltration by lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages with associated fibroblastic proliferation and scarring. - Names can describe characteristics or honor pioneer in field - Rules established by International Committee on Systemic Bacteriology = Bacteriological Code - Bergey's Manual contains description and rules • Compiled from publications in International Journal of Systemic Bacteriology • Change as new techniques disclose similarities and More than 2,500 serotypes of Salmonella exist, but only some of these serotypes have been frequently associated with food-borne illnesses. Our understanding of S. Typhi infection in … Salmonellosis in humans usually takes the form of a self-limiting food poisoning (gastroenteritis), but occasionally manifests as a serious systemic infection (enteric fever) which requires prompt antibiotic treatment. Optimum temperature 28 °C but growth may occur at temperatures as low as 4 °C. Sugar fermentation lowers the pH and the phenol red indicator . Cultivation Media for Bacteria. Shigella is Gram-negative, nonmotile, nonspore forming, rod-shaped bacteria closely related to Escherichia coli and Salmonella.The causative agent of human shigellosis, Shigella causes Salmonella is a bacteria that is often found in raw eggs and poultry that can cause severe food poisoning. Murphy JR, Baqar S, Munoz C, et al. Symptoms of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever include stomach pains, headache, or loss of appetite. They are facultative anaerobe, non-sporulated, and non-capsulated. 0.94 0.99 >0.99 Vibrio parahaemolyticus 0.94 0.98 0.99 Bacillus cereus 0.93 Clostridium botulinumtypes A & B** 0.93 Clostridium perfringens 0.943 0.95 -0.96 0.97 Listeria monocytogenes 0.92 Staphylococcus aureus growth 0.83 0.98 0.99 Staphylococcus aureus toxin 0.88 0.98 0.99 ICMSF 1996. Differentiate among eukaryotic, prokaryotic, and viral species. The genus Salmonella is a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Soft set theory introduced by Molodtsov (Comput Math Appl 37:19-31, 1999) is an effective tool for solving realistic problems related to engineering, social sciences, medical sciences, and business. K. pneumoniae was first isolated in the late 19th century and was initially known as Friedlander's . Weight loss. 2) On the bottom of one MAC agar plate, use a Sharpie marker to label it as 'E. coli'. They are members of normal intestinal flora of humans and animals and may be isolated from a variety of environmental sources. SALMONELLA PRAKASH DHAKAL Public Health Microbiology Tribhuvan University, Nepal 2. Although nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS; including Salmonella Typhimurium) mainly cause gastroenteritis, typhoidal serovars (Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A) cause typhoid fever, the treatment of which is threatened by increasing drug resistance. Selective media contain ingredients that inhibit the growth of some organisms but allow others to grow. Ulcer. Morphology of Viruses 151 Table 30. Genus Salmonella belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae, together with Escherichia coli.Are gram-negative, motile, aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacilli, meaning that . 264 Appendix B Table B.1 Microbiological food-borne infections: usual incubation periods and symptoms. enterica, Salmonella enterica subsp houtenae, Salmonella enterica subsp indica and Salmonella enterica subsp salamae1. S. pneumoniae may occur intracellularly or extracellularly as gram-positive lanceolate diplococci, but can also occur as single cocci or in short chains of cocci. For example, mannitol salt agar contains a high concentration of sodium chloride that inhibits the growth of most organisms but permits staphylococci to grow. The Streaking & Morphology of Cultural Bacteria 1. morphology and color. General Methods of Classification 4. Colonies on specific media are specific to Salmonella, all biochemical test are also specific, but serum gives me a negative reaction. Ulcer is a local defect on the surface of an organ produced by inflammation. However, did you know that there are over 2,500 different types of salmonella? Bacteria (singular-bacterium) are the microscopic unicellular and prokaryotic organisms. Image 1: The image shows the colony morphology of bacteria. Definition of Bacteria 2. Salmonella 1. 1 CHAPTER 8 . The Nutrient Agar Culture Plate (Salmonella typhi) Observati 1. Size : 0.5mm - 1mm 5. In subclinically infected Dauerausscheidern and the pathogens usually found in the gall bladder or bile ducts. Only do agglutination on pure colonies, which biochemically are the suspected organism. It is usually spread through contaminated food or water. Reproduced with permission, from [1]. Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, and Haemophilus influenzae are the most common bacteria in those serotyping is performed. Klebsiella) from lactose-non fermenting coliforms (e.g. Bacteria : Characteristics and Classification. 2. Shape : Circular 4. Explain the scientific naming Differentiate between culture, clone, and strain. Many strains have the ability to grow over a pH range of 4-10 under otherwise optimum conditions. The genome that occurs in the central core is un-segmented, linear, negative sense, 10-12 kilobase, single-stranded RNA enclosed within a helically wound nucleocapsid. No of colony : Pure colony 3. Non-hemolytic or γ-hemolytic. Our studies have indicated that deletion of virulence gene regulator glucose-inhibited division (gidA) altered morphology and infectivity of Salmonella. According to the Robert Koch Institute in Germany was the number of diseases can be greatly reduced by improving the hygienic conditions since the 1950s. Salmonella enterica es una bacteria gramnegativa, perteneciente a la familia Enterobacteriaceae. No growth in 4-5% salt or at pH <6. Explain the purpose of Bergey'sManual. Discovered by H.C. Gram in 1884 it remains an important and useful technique to this day. It can cause severe symptoms such as: Coughing up blood and mucus from deep inside the lungs. People infected with Salmonella typhi carry the bacteria in their intestinal tract and blood. on the skin, in the nostrils, in the intestinal tract etc., and they are called commensals. Salmonella spp. The bacterium Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) causes typhoid fever. Salmonella -Add 1 drop of saline (1098) within one circle on the reaction card. The most recent Edition of BAM Chapter 5: Salmonella continues below this notice. The terms used to describe the size of the colony . Salmonellae are ubiquitous human and animal pathogens, and salmonellosis, a disease that affects an estimated 2 million Americans each year, is common throughout the world. J Infect Dis. Citrobacter freundii bacteria have a long rod shape with a typical length of 1-5 μm. 3) On the bottom of a second MAC agar plate, use a Sharpie marker to label it as 'S. 7. Method of inoculating the solid culture media 2. Enteric fever is usually caused by strains of Salmonella Typhi & Paratyphi A, B, and C.; Enteric fever is generally characterized by infection of reticuloendothelial system & intestinal lymphoid tissue accompanied by sustained fever & bacteremia. Picture Source: microbeonline.com Form - it pertains to the shape of the colony such as filamentous, circular, and the likes. Campylobacter, in particular, ranked second, after Salmonella, as a cause of food-borne infections. Morphology of V. cholerae. It is an enterobacteria that is usually found in the animal intestines, and therefore in sewage, but it can be found everywhere, since it is a ubiquitous organism.. The form of the colony is subdivided into following: Size of the colony - The size of the colony is determined by its diameter and measured in millimeters. Controlling Salmonella in food-producing animals is a key strategy for reducing food-borne outbreaks in humans. MORPHOLOGY OF SALMONELLA TYPHI (S. TYPHI) Shape - Salmonella typhi is a rod shape (bacillus) bacterium.. Citrobacter freundii characteristics. Identification and Characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pain in the chest. Bacteria come from the Greek word manning rod. It allows a large proportion of clinically important bacteria to be classified as either Gram positive or negative based on their 1987 Dec. 156(6):1005-9 Reply Reply based on colony morphology, sugar fermentation and haemolytic properties. Morphology of Rabies Virus: Rabies virus (Fig. Identification traditionally involved culture methods based on selective enrichment and plating followed by the characterization of Listeria spp. basic notions on bacterial colonies morphology - identification of bacteria on culture media SlideShare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Record your observations on the report sheet attached to this exercise. S. enterica is the type species and is further divided into six subspecies that include over 2,600 serotypes. Se reconocen seis subespecies de S. enterica (S. e. enterica, S. e. arizonae, S. e. diarizonae, S. e . List the characteristics of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya domains. Salmonella 1 2 Characteristics of Salmonella enterica Named. The number of Campylobacter infections (incidence per 100.000 population) was 6.793 [14, 30] and, of them, were typed 2.318 (34%) isolates of wich 2.082 (90%) were C. jejuni, and 180 (8%) were C. coli. Sweating at night. Hydrogen sulfide -Unlike Shigella, Salmonella (S. enterica) produce hydrogen sulfide which is one of the characteristics used for their identification. MORPHOLOGY OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE (K. PNEUMONIAE) Shape - Klebsiella pneumoniae is a short, plump, straight rod shape (bacillus) bacterium.. The following methods are based on the analysis of a 25 g analytical unit at a 1:9 sample/broth ratio. Sizes and Shapes of Some Blue-Green Algal Viruses.a Virus Anacystis, S ynechococcus h (AS) AS-1 . All Salmonella are members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and are closely related to other medically important enteric bacteria including Escherichia coli, Yersinia sp., and Shigella sp. Some of the microorganisms are non-pathogenic and live on the body of human beings i.e. Temperature • Psychrophiles (15-200 C) - Pseudomonas fluorescens • Mesophiles (20-400 C) - Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus • Thermophiles (50-600 C)- Bacillus stearothermophilus • Extremely thermophiles (as high as 2500 C) 16 17. Symptoms include prolonged fever, fatigue, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, and . It is also known as a microbe. Size - The size of Klebsiella pneumoniae is about 1-2 µm × 0.5-0.8 µm (micrometer).. Serotyping works on the principle of agglutination. To create a broth culture, a scientist begins with a sterile liquid growth medium. Arrangement Of Cells - Salmonella typhi is arranged singly or in pairs.. Motility - Salmonella typhi is a motile bacterium.. Flagella - Salmonella typhi is a flagellated bacterium with . Salmonella typhimurium If!, If2 Diameter or Dimensions, nm 65 40 x 92 40 x 55 75 50 27 60 22 24 25 6 x 8QO 6 x 1300 6 x 1300 10 x 160 10 x 300 9 x 100 9 x 180 10 x Contents: Definition of Bacteria Morphology of Bacteria General Methods of Classifying Bacteria Nutrition, Respiration and Reproduction in Bacterial Cell Staining of Bacteria . When used in this and other exercises, cultures of the specific serovars will be labeled according to their serovar, e.g., S. Cholerasuis, as opposed to the taxonomically specific name, e.g., Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis. S. pneumoniae is a fastidious bacterium, growing best at 35-37°C with ~5% CO The main path of transmission is oro-nasal . Classical Swine Fever virus belongs to the Pestivirus genus along with Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) virus. INTRODUCTION Salmon and Smith in 1885 isolated for first time Named after its discoverer Salmon Wide spread pathogens of animal including man belonging to Enterobacteriaceae Found in the intestine of pigs ,cows ,goats , sheeps ,rodents ,hens , ducks and poultry S Typhi and S Paratyphi found only . A bad cough that lasts three weeks or longer. Wash hands regularly before eating with soap, sanitizer. Amount of growth: Heavy ons: growth (3+) 2. Microbial Growth on MAC Agar Plates 1) Obtain three (3) MAC agar plates. Genus Salmonella belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae, together with Escherichia coli.Are gram-negative, motile, aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacilli, meaning that . 12-48h Diarrhoea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain lasting for several days Salmonella typhi 12-20 days Fever, septicaemia and other systemic symptoms Cells are rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, and predominantly motile by means of . The genus Salmonella can be divided into two species ( S. enterica and S. bongori ), based on their phenotypic profile. The disease outcome predominantly depends on the infecting serovar, and as such, Salmonella serovars are classified into two groups: typhoidal and nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS). The pathogenic Salmonella is a life-threatening bacterium, The performance characteristics of The Oxoid Salmonella Test Kit Using a mixing stick or inoculating loop emulsify 2 - 3mm of suspect colonies in the drop of saline to produce a thick smooth suspension. Divide one plate of nutrient agar into two sections and one into three sections. Salmonella 2,000,000 500-2000 Stapylococcus aureas 1,500,000 1200 Escherichia coli O157:H7 725,000 100-200 Comma-shaped, sheathed, polar flagellum having a size of about 1.5 × 0.2-0.4 µm in size. pH 6.4 - 9.6 (optimum 8.2). Abstract. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, non-motile, encapsulated rod shaped bacterium found in the normal flora of the mouth, skin, and intestines. LEPTOSPIRA: Morphology, Classification and Pathogenesis Haraji Mohammed 1 *, Cohen Nozha 2 , Karib Hakim 3 , Fassouane Abdelaziz 4 and Belahsen Rekia 1 1 Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Biochimie et Nutrition, Faculté des sciences d'El Jadida, Maroc. However, a large inoculum of Salmonella is required for an infection to occur. Salmonella Infection. Morganella Salmonella). Providencia stuartii is an opportunistic pathogen seen in patients with severe burns or long-term indwelling urinary catheters. HD11 cells are a macrophage-like chicken cell line that can be stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to exhibit more macrophage-like morphology and greater production of . If you have been treated take all of your prescribed antibiotics, wash your hands, and have doctor perform stool cultures. It is capable of growing on glycerol as . I use your Anti- Salmonella I (A-E+Vi) serum. The Escherichia coli, also known by the abbreviation of the name, E. coli , is perhaps the most studied prokaryotic organism by humans. They are Gram-negative, rigid, short curved rods that are actively motile. General Characteristics of Microorganisms • Beneficial -Used as an aid in producing desirable characteristics in food • Pathogens -Cause foodborne illness . Salmonella • Causes Infections in Humans and vertebrates, • Enteric Fever ( Typhoid fever ) • Gastroenteritis • Septicemias, • Carrier state. Salmonella is the most frequently reported cause of food-borne illness in the United States. Genotype 1 has been isolated in South America and Russia, genotype 2 in Europe and genotype 3 in Asia. Characteristics of agent Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, straight or curved rod. 5. The term bacteria were first coined by F.J. Cohn in 1854. 3 Shigella flexneri - Gram stain. Morphology of Bacteria 3. Inoculate the 2-sectional plate with the two species of Staphylococcus; Pathogenesis of Salmonella Typhi (Enteric fever/Typhoid fever). Inoculate MacConkey's agar with E. coli and Salmonella enteritidis. Figure 2. Media can be made even more selective by the addition of antibiotics or other inhibitory substances, and sophisticated indicator systems can allow for the easy detection of defined bacteria from mixed populations. Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms with the absence of the nucleus and other c ell organelles; hence, they are classified as prokaryotic organisms. 4. You may get typhoid fever if you ingest food or . The bacterium Escherichia coli was initially isolated and described by the German pediatrician . Description: Salmonella - Salmonella species are gra - Description: Salmonella - Salmonella species are gram negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, zoonotic bacteria that can infect people, birds, reptiles, and other animals. Cell and biofilm morphology of Salmonella Typhimurium UMR1 (wt) and its mutants MAE52 (csgD ++), MAE51 (csgD), MAE14 (csgBA), MAE222 (bcsA) and MAE619 (bapA) after growth for 24 hours.The first column shows light microscope (LM) images (with a frame width of approx. Biochemical reactions are very important in the identification of bacterial isolates and in the identification of different bacterial species. 3 genotypes have been identified. The medium is inoculated with bacteria . ; It was first observed by Antony von Leewenhoek (1681) while examining his own stool and Lambi (1859) describe the parasite and named it as Giardia labmlia Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar (XLD agar) is a selective growth medium used in the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella species from clinical samples and from food. 3. Microorganisms are very small microscopic structures that are capable of free living. I have a problem with Salmonella spp.detection. Staining 6. Characteristics . The bacteria spreads through contaminated food, drink, or water. Result__Type '' > What is Shigella doctor perform stool cultures prone to mutations Diagnosis... < /a 264!: Heavy ons: growth ( 3+ ) 2 1-3 µm × µm. That inhibit the growth of some organisms but allow others to grow x 75 nm in size, with end! You ingest food or rods that are Smooth, moist, and morphology of salmonella slideshare this day in 1965 3-sectional agar! 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